The Digital Microwave Radio System is used to send and receive digital or analog signals such as telephone calls, television programs and internet data between two locations on a line of sight radio link. The radio frequencies / spectrums range from 1 to 30 GHz, and is transmitted between the two locations with directional antennas to form a fixed radio connection. The radio link can be configured as 1+1 hot-standby, space diversity, frequency diversity, quad diversity, etc.

to meet the customer's requirements and technical specifications. The requirement for a line of sight limits the distance of each radio link between two sites to 60km or less practically. However, when the standard Digital Microwave Radio System is unsuitable for requirements with longer radio paths such as island and offshore oil & gas platforms, over the horizon or a troposcatter Digital Microwave Radio System is provided to meet the client's need.

The Digital Troposcatter Radio System is unlike the standard microwave radio and instead, the radio wave is propagating and scattering in an area called common volume in troposphere, whereby the intersection of the transmiting and receiving radio beam has a useful scattering mechanism to effect the scatter communication.

Since the scatter communication is taking place at the tropospheric region/layer and no line of sight is needed, the achievable radio distance between two stations can be as far as 300km based on the current resources available in the market and of course; it is subject to limitations and restrictions implemented by the authorities of each country.

The Digital Microwave Radio System in the market presently consists of narrow band licensed DMR, License-exempted ISM band radio, over the horizon radio and etc. in the frequencies band of 2 - 38 GHz.

The Marine Navigational Aids System is designed to assist captains to determine a ship's position and safe course, warn them of dangers and obstructions in their navigation route from one place to another destination in accordance to IMO rules and procedures. The system involves the Collision Avoidance System, Automatic Identification System (AIS), Marine Radio Beacon (RACON), Wave Monitoring System (WAVEX), Meteorology System, Automatic Radar Plotting Aids (ARPA), EPIRB, SART and etc.

A better name for a trunked radio would be "computer aided radio" as it is the application of microprocessors and synthesizers that enable trunked radio systems to share a pool of radio channels between many groups of users. Each pair or group of users have the exclusive use of a channel for the pre-programmed duration of their call.

Basically, there is Control Channel and multiple Traffic Channels which depend on the usage and application of the customer. The Control Channel performs allocation of Traffic Channels in the trunking radio system, whereas; the Traffic Channel provides communication path for the radio users.

The Trunking Radio System is able to provide for individual calls, group calls, broadcast calls, priority calls, emergency calls, short data messaging, status message, PSTN/PABX calls, etc.

The systems available in the market comprises APCO P25, TETRA, Analog MPT1327, etc.

Integration, Testing and Commissioning of Communications, Navigation, and Surveillance / Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) solutions comprises the following. a) Communications System (Comaids) Ground to Air Radio systems (G/A) Ground to Ground Radio systems (G/G) Aeronautical Information Service System (FIS) Voice Command and Control System (VCCS) Aeronautical Terminal Information System (ATIS) Multi-Channel Recording System (MCRS) ATC Consoles

b) Navigation System

1. Non-Directional Beacons (NDB)
2. Doppler Very high frequency Omni-directional Radio range (DVOR)
3. Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
4. Instrument Landing System (ILS)
5. Remote Control Monitoring and Maintenance System (RCMMS)

c) Surveillance / Air Traffic Management

1. Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR)
2. Mono-Pulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR)
3. Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B)
4. Air Traffic Management System (ATM)
5. Multilateration System (MLAT)

Successful Aviation Navigational Aids System involves piloting an aircraft from place to place without getting lost, breaking the laws applying to aircraft or endangering the safety of those on board or on the ground.

Ground base air navigation system involves the use of instruments and radio navigational aids for controlling the movements of aircrafts from one place to another. The instruments and radio navigational aids systems that are currently in use throughout the world are Non-Directional Beacon (NDB), DVOR/DME, Instrument Landing System (ILS), Aviation Radar, Aeronautical Ground Lighting System (AGLS) and Communication Aids.